Symptom differential

Necrotic Spots & Lesions

Dead spots can come from pathogens, pests, droplets, sprays, nutrient-related tissue failure, physical injury, or environmental damage. Lesion shape alone is rarely enough to identify cause.

Pattern questions

  • Are spots bounded by veins or randomly distributed?
  • Do lesions expand over time?
  • Are there halos, concentric zones, fungal growth, frass, or insects?
  • Do spots align with spray droplets or wetting patterns?

Plausible cause categories

  • Fungal or bacterial disease
  • Pest feeding
  • Spray or droplet injury
  • Nutrient or root-zone disorder
  • Physical abrasion
  • Light or heat injury

Discriminating checks

  • Use magnification
  • Track lesion expansion
  • Review spray and wetting history
  • Compare upper and lower leaf surfaces
  • Submit samples for laboratory diagnosis when disease is plausible and consequential

Red flags

  • Rapidly expanding lesions
  • Stem or petiole involvement
  • Sporulation
  • Similar lesions spreading between nearby plants

Visual study guide

  • Spot morphology vocabulary
  • Expanding-versus-static lesion timeline
  • Spray-droplet comparison
  • Pest-sign overlay

Connected learning

Use the next piece of evidence

Move between reference material, measurement, field records, and whole-plant context instead of treating one page as the complete answer.